Verifying Your Installation
Required kernel version: 2.6.9-5.0.5.EL This kernel, or any of the kernels supplied in updates, works with Oracle Database 10g Release 2 .
Check your kernel version by running the following command:
uname -r
Ex:
# uname -r
2.6.9-22.ELsmp
Once you've completed the steps above, all of the packages required for Oracle Database 10g Release 2 will have been installed. Verify this using the example below.
Required package versions (or later):
• binutils-2.15.92.0.2-10.EL4
• compat-db-4.1.25-9
• control-center-2.8.0-12
• gcc-3.4.3-9.EL4
• gcc-c++-3.4.3-9.EL4
• glibc-2.3.4-2
• glibc-common-2.3.4-2
• gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1
• libstdc++-3.4.3-9.EL4
• libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-9.EL4
• make-3.80-5
• pdksh-5.2.14-30
• sysstat-5.0.5-1
• xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.2
• libaio-0.3.96
• openmotif21-2.1.30-11.RHEL4.2 (Required only to install Oracle demos. Installation of Oracle demos is not covered by this guide.)
To see which versions of these packages are installed on your system, run the following command:
rpm -q binutils compat-db control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common \
gnome-libs libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat xscreensaver libaio openmotif21
Part II: Configuring Linux for Oracle
Now that the Linux software is installed, you need to configure it for Oracle. This section walks through the steps required to configure Linux for Oracle Database 10g Release 2.
Verifying System Requirements
To verify that your system meets the minimum requirements for an Oracle Database 10g Release 2 database, log in as root and run the commands below.
To check the amount of RAM and swap space available, run this:
grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
Ex:
# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 1034680 kB
# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
SwapTotal: 1534196 kB
The minimum RAM required is 1024MB, and the minimum required swap space is 1GB. Swap space should be twice the amount of RAM for systems with 2GB of RAM or less and between one and two times the amount of RAM for systems with more than 2GB.
You also need 2.5GB of available disk space for the Oracle Database 10g Release 2 software and another 1.2GB for the database. The /tmp directory needs at least 400MB of free space. To check the available disk space on your system, run the following command:
df -h
Ex:
# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 6.8G 1.3G 5.2G 20% /
/dev/sda1 99M 17M 77M 18% /boot
The example shows that the /tmp directory does not have its own filesystem. (It's part of the root filesystem for this guide.) With 5.2 GB available, the root filesystem has just enough space for the installation (2.5 + 1.2 + 0.4 = 4.1GB) with a little room left over.
Create the Oracle Groups and User Account
Next, create the Linux groups and user account that will be used to install and maintain the Oracle Database 10g Release 2 software. The user account will be called oracle, and the groups will be oinstall and dba. Execute the following commands as root:
/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd dba
/usr/sbin/useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
id oracle
Ex:
# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba
# /usr/sbin/useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
# id oracle
uid=501(oracle) gid=502(oinstall) groups=502(oinstall),503(dba)
Set the password on the oracle account:
passwd oracle
Ex:
# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Create Directories
Now create directories to store the Oracle Database 10g Release 2 software and the database files. This guide adheres to the Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA) for the naming conventions used in creating the directory structure. For more information on OFA standards, see Appendix C of the Oracle Database Installation Guide 10g Release 2 (10.2) for Linux x86.
The following assumes that the directories are being created in the root filesystem. This is done for the sake of simplicity and is not recommended as a general practice. These directories would normally be created as separate filesystems.
Issue the following commands as root:
mkdir -p /ora10gsoft
chown -R oracle:oinstall /ora10gsoft
chmod -R 775 /ora10gsoft
Ex:
# mkdir -p /ora10gsoft
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /ora10gsoft
# chmod -R 775 /ora10gsoft
Configuring the Linux Kernel Parameters
The Linux kernel is a wonderful thing. Unlike most other *NIX systems, Linux allows modification of most kernel parameters while the system is up and running. There's no need to reboot the system after making kernel parameter changes. Oracle Database 10g Release 2 requires the kernel parameter settings shown below. The values given are minimums, so if your system uses a larger value, don't change it.
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=262144
net.core.wmem_max=262144
If you're following along and have just installed Linux, the kernel parameters will all be at their default values and you can just cut and paste the following commands while logged in as root.
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <
> kernel.shmmax = 536870912
> kernel.shmmni = 4096
> kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
> fs.file-max = 65536
> net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
> EOF
# /sbin/sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
Run the following commands as root to verify your settings:
/sbin/sysctl -a grep shm
/sbin/sysctl -a grep sem
/sbin/sysctl -a grep file-max
/sbin/sysctl -a grep ip_local_port_range
/sbin/sysctl -a grep rmem_default
/sbin/sysctl -a grep rmem_max
/sbin/sysctl -a grep wmem_default
/sbin/sysctl -a grep wmem_max
Ex:
# /sbin/sysctl -a grep shm
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shm-use-bigpages = 0
# /sbin/sysctl -a grep sem
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
# /sbin/sysctl -a grep file-max
fs.file-max = 65536
# /sbin/sysctl -a grep ip_local_port_range
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
# /sbin/sysctl -a grep rmem_default
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
# /sbin/sysctl -a grep rmem_max
net.core.rmem_max = 262144
# /sbin/sysctl -a grep wmem_default
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
# /sbin/sysctl -a grep wmem_max
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
For Novell SUSE Linux releases, use the following to ensure that the system reads the /etc/sysctl.conf file at boot time:
/sbin/chkconfig boot.sysctl on
Setting Shell Limits for the oracle User
Oracle recommends setting limits on the number of processes and open files each Linux account may use. To make these changes, cut and paste the following commands as root:
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <
limit maxproc 16384
limit descriptors 65536
umask 022
endif
EOF
Part III: Installing Oracle
Oracle Database 10g Release 2 can be downloaded from OTN. Oracle offers a development and testing license free of charge. However, no support is provided and the license does not permit production use. A full description of the license agreement is available on OTN.
The easiest way to make the Oracle Database 10g Release 2 distribution media available on your server is to download them directly to the server.
Use the graphical login to log in as oracle.
Create a directory to contain the Oracle Database 10g Release 2 distribution:
mkdir 10gR2_db
To download Oracle Database 10g Release 2 from OTN, point your browser (Firefox works well) to http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/oracle10g/htdocs/10201linuxsoft.html. Fill out the Eligibility Export Restrictions page, and read the OTN License agreement. If you agree with the restrictions and the license agreement, click on I Accept.
Click on the 10201_database_linux32.zip link, and save the file in the directory you created for this purpose (10gR2_db)—if you have not already logged in to OTN, you may be prompted to do so at this point.
Unzip and extract the file:
cd ora10gsoft
unzip 10201_database_linux32.zip
Install the Software and Create a Database
Log in using the oracle account.
Change directory to the location where you extracted the Oracle Database 10g Release 2 software.
Ex:
$ cd $HOME/10gR2_db
Change directory to Disk1.
Ex:
$ cd database
Start the Oracle Universal Installer.
$ ./runInstaller
(Note: Before running the installer type xclock to check wheather the display is working or not,If not set the display by firing the command xhost +).
Post Installation Process
Creating Bash Profile:
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
#PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/lib
ORACLE_BASE=/ora10gsoft
ORACLE_HOME=/ora10gsoft/10.2.0
ORACLE_SID=imstest
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export ORACLE_HOME
export ORACLE_BASE
export ORACLE_SID
export PATH
unset USERNAME
Check whether the profile has been set properly or not by typing the following commands
echo $oracle_home
echo $oracle_sid
echo $oracle_base
it has to display the corresponding value as set in the bash profile as
/ora10gsoft/10.2.0
/Imstest
/ora10gsoft
Start Enterprise Manager Service and isqlplus Service by the following commands
cd ../../bin
ls
isqlplusctl start
emctl start
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